CONTENTS
1.1 BACKGROUND
1.2 PURPOSE
OF THIS REPORT
1.3 STRUCTURE
OF THE REPORT
2 POST
PROJECT CORAL MONITORING Survey Methodology
2.1 MONITORING
LOCATIONS
2.2 METHODOLOGY
3 Post
project Coral Monitoring Survey Results
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 REA
SURVEY RESULTS
3.3 RESULTS
OF CORAL COLONY MONITORING
ANNEXES
Annex A Photographic
Records from the Post-Project Coral Monitoring conducted in February 2014
Annex B Photographic
Records from the 2013 Baseline Update Monitoring conducted in November 2013
Annex C Data
including Photographic Records from the 2013 Post-Project Monitoring conducted in
February 2013
Annex D Data
including Photographic Records from the 2012 Baseline Survey conducted in
September 2012
In January,
2013, NTT Com Asia (NTTCA) installed a telecommunication cable (Asia
Submarine-cable Express (ASE) cable) approximately 7,200 km in length,
connecting Japan and Singapore with branches to the Philippines, Hong Kong SAR
(HKSAR) and Malaysia Marine works for the cable installation was completed in
January 2013. The landing site is located
at a new Beach Manhole (BMH) and the cable was ultimately connected with a Data
Centre in Tseung Kwan O (TKO) Industrial Estate. From Tseung
Kwan O, the cable extends westward approaching the Tathong
Channel. Near to Cape Collinson, the cable is approximately parallel to the Tathong Channel until north of Waglan
Island where the cable travels eastward to the boundary of HKSAR waters where
it enters the South China Sea. The
total length of cable in Hong Kong SAR waters is approximately 33.5 km. A map of the cable route is presented in
Figure 1.1.
A Project Profile (PP-452/2011) which includes an assessment of the potential
environmental impacts associated with the installation of the submarine
telecommunications cable system was prepared and submitted to the Environmental
Protection Department (EPD) under section 5.(1)(b) and
5.(11) of the Environmental Impact
Assessment Ordinance (EIAO) for the application for Permission to apply
directly for Environmental Permit (EP).
The Environmental Protection Department, subsequently issued an Environmental Permit (EP- 433/2011)
for the Project. In accordance with
the EP conditions, an environmental monitoring and audit (EM&A) programme is required to be implemented in order to track
the environmental performance of the cable installation works of the Project.
Pursuant to Condition 2.4 of the EP, an environmental monitoring and
audit (EM&A) programme, as set out in the Environmental Monitoring and Audit Manual (EM&A
Manual) ([1]), was
required for this Project. Baseline
data were collected prior to the start of cable installation works in 2012 and
monitoring and audit were conducted throughout the cable installation and after
its completion in early 2013 as required in the EM&A Manual.
Upon
inspection in October 2013 the ASE cable was found to be damaged and a section
within Zone A (see Figure 2.1) required
re-installation. The EM&A programme was
therefore required to resume for the cable installation works in Hong Kong
Waters (the “Project”) and the EM&A
Manual was updated to reflect these new repair works. A new coral monitoring baseline survey (Baseline
Update) was carried out prior to the installation of the faulty section of
cable in November, 2013.
In accordance
with the Updated EM&A Manual, a Post
Project Coral Survey should be conducted within one month after completion of
the marine works in order to determine any detectable changes in coral
conditions which may have been caused by the cable repair works that were only
carried out in January and February 2014 in Zone A (Cape Collinson).
This Post
Project Coral Monitoring Survey Report (“the Report”) has been prepared by
ERM-Hong Kong, Limited (ERM) on behalf of NTTCA to present the methodology and
findings of the Post Project Coral Monitoring Survey conducted in February 2014,
after the completion of the marine works for the cable repair works of the
Project.
The remainder
of the report is structured as follows:
Section
2: Post Project Coral Monitoring Survey Methodology
Presents the Post
Project Coral Monitoring Survey methodology, parameters monitored, monitoring
locations and depth in accordance with the Updated
EM&A Manual.
Section
3: Post Project Coral Monitoring Survey Results
Reviews the condition
and health status of corals at the monitoring station surveyed during the Post
Project Coral Monitoring Survey and comparison with previous survey information
in order to determine if any detectable changes have occurred between
monitoring events.
Section
4: Conclusion
Presents a
discussion of the results, comparison to previous surveys and
conclusions/recommendations.
This section
presents the methodology of the Post Project Coral Monitoring Survey conducted
in February 2014, which follows that of the original Baseline Survey.
The following monitoring
locations, shown in Figure 2.1, were surveyed during the 2012 Baseline and 2013
Post-Project Monitoring. Only Zone
A was surveyed during the 2013 Baseline Update Survey due to the adverse
weather condition and surges at sea.
Monitoring
Stations:
§ Zone
A: Cape Collinson; and
§ Zone
B: Tai Long Pai.
Control
Station:
§ Zone
C: Tung Lung Chau.
During the February
2014 Post Project Coral Monitoring, however, only Zones A and
C were surveyed due to adverse conditions.
It should be noted that the repair works were only carried out in Zone A (Cape Collinson).
Subtidal
dive surveys were undertaken at Zones A and C, where Zone A lies in close
proximity to the Project Area and focusses on the section of cable route to be
replaced, and Zone C is considered as the Control Station. The survey included the following two
components:
§
Semi-quantitative Rapid Ecological Assessment (REA)
survey; and
§
Coral Colony Monitoring.
Each of these
surveys is described further in the following sections.
Rapid
Ecological Assessment Survey Method
A standardised semi-quantitative REA
survey technique was used to investigate the general conditions of the coral
communities--including any scleractinian
(hard), alcyonacian (soft) and antipitharian
(black) corals found--associated with subtidal hard
bottom habitat at survey site. The
REA technique allows collection of semi-quantitative information on the
ecological attributes of the subtidal habitat in a
relatively simple way without compromising scientific rigour. This technique is the standard practice
for EIA and EM&A marine ecological surveys in Hong Kong and has been
modified from the standardised REA survey technique established for the
assessment of coral communities on the Great Barrier Reef ([2]) for marine
environment of Hong Kong ([3]).
The Post Project Coral Monitoring
Survey was conducted by the same qualified coral ecologist who was used for the
Baseline Update Survey and had been approved by AFCD in advance of undertaking
the monitoring work. An REA survey
was carried out by means of SCUBA with the aim of recording the condition of existing
substratum, estimating the diversity and relative abundance of coral
assemblages (ie hard corals, octocorals
and black corals) and identification of coral taxa (hard corals identified to
species level while octocorals and black corals
recorded to genus level). The
survey was undertaken along a transect placed onto the
seabed following a specific depth contour.
Only Zones A and C were surveyed; conditions at Zone B was observed to
be too dangerous to conduct the survey work, and thus that site was abandoned. Six transects with length of 100 m each
were surveyed at each site, Zone A and Zone C. The twelve transects surveyed were also
divided between depth regions:
§
Shallow
depth region: -2 to -5 m CD (typically the depth range of hard coral colonies
associated with subtidal hard bottom habitat); and
§
Deep
depth region: -5 to -15 m CD.
Following the laying of the transect
line, coral specialists swam along the transect and
conducted the REA survey. The REA
methodology encompassed an assessment of the benthic cover (Tier I) and taxon
abundance (Tier II) undertaken in a swathe ~ 1-m wide, 0.5 m either side of
each transect, due to visibility limitations. Further explanation of the two
assessment tiers implemented during the survey is presented below.
Tier
I – Categorisation of Benthic Cover
Upon the completion of observation
along each survey transect, five ecological and seven substratum attributes
were assigned to one of seven standard ranked (ordinal) categories (Tables 2.1 and 2.2).
Table
2.1 Categories
used in the REA Surveys – Benthic Attributes
|
Ecological |
Substratum |
|
Hard coral |
Hard Substratum |
|
Dead standing coral |
Continuous pavement |
|
Soft coral |
Bedrock |
|
Black coral |
Rubble |
|
Macroalgae |
Sand |
|
Turf Algae |
Silt |
|
|
Large boulders (>50 cm) |
|
|
Small boulders (<50 cm) |
|
|
Rocks (<26 cm) |
Table
2.2 Categories
used in the REA Surveys – Ordinal Ranks of Percentage Cover
|
Rank |
Percentage Cover (%) |
|
0 |
None recorded |
|
1 |
1-5 |
|
2 |
6-10 |
|
3 |
11-30 |
|
4 |
31-50 |
|
5 |
51-75 |
|
6 |
76-100 |
Tier
II – Taxonomic Inventories to Define Types of Benthic Communities
An inventory of benthic taxa was also
compiled for each transect. Taxa
were identified in situ to the
following levels:
§
Scleractinian (hard) corals to
species wherever possible;
§
Soft
corals, gorgonians, black corals, anemones and conspicuous macroalgae
recorded according to morphological features and to genus level where possible;
and
§
Other
benthos (e.g. sponges, ascidians, bryozoans, etc)
recorded to genus level wherever possible but more typically to phylum plus
growth form.
Each taxon in the inventory was ranked
in terms of abundance in the community (i.e. specific to the area surveyed, not
within the context of Hong Kong or greater region) (Table 2.3). These broad
categories rank taxa in terms of relative abundance of individuals, rather than
the contribution to benthic cover along each transect. The ranks are subjective assessments of
abundance, rather than quantitative counts of each taxon.
Table
2.3 Ordinal
Ranks of Taxon Abundance
|
Rank |
Abundance |
|
0 |
Absent |
|
1 |
Rare (a) |
|
2 |
Uncommon |
|
3 |
Common |
|
4 |
Abundant |
|
5 |
Dominant |
|
Note: (a) The classification of
“rare” abundance refers to low abundance (small quantity) on the transect, rather than in terms of distribution in Hong
Kong waters. |
|
A set of environmental site
descriptors were recorded for each REA transect as follows:
(A) The degree of exposure to prevailing
wave energy was ranked from 1 – 4, where:
1 = sheltered (highly protected by topographic features
from prevailing waves);
2 = semi-sheltered (moderately protected);
3 = semi-exposed (only partly protected); and
4 = exposed (experiences the full force of prevailing
wave energy).
(B)
Sediment
deposition on the reef substratum (particle sizes ranging from very fine to
moderately coarse) rated on a four point scale, from 0 -3, where:
0 = no sediment;
1 = minor (thin layer) sediment deposition;
2 = moderate sediment deposition (thick layer), but
substrate can be cleaned by fanning off the sediment; and
3 = major sediment deposition (thick, deep layer), and
substrate cannot be cleaned by fanning.
A suite of representative photographs
was taken for each REA transect.
All field data were checked upon completion of each REA transect and a
dive survey log was completed at the end of the fieldwork day. Photographs were compiled for each REA
transect which was then reviewed to verify the REA data. Verified REA data were presented in
terms of:
§
Site
(transect) information (Tier I and II data), depth and environmental descriptors;
§
Species
abundance data for each transect; and
§
Species
lists, species richness and mean values for ecological and substratum types
were compiled.
Coral Colony Monitoring was undertaken
using the same method as during the original Baseline Survey, the first Post-Project
Monitoring Survey and the Baseline Update Survey to identify any evidence of
sediment stress to corals before and after cable installation works of the
Project. At each coral monitoring
station, a total of fifteen (15) hard coral colonies and fifteen (15) octocoral/black coral colonies (or all colonies present if
less than 15) were selected for monitoring. Priority was given to selecting colonies
of horizontal plate-like and massive growth forms which present large stable
surfaces for the interception and retention of settling solids. Each of the selected corals was
identified to species or genus levels and photographed. The following data were collected:
§
Maximum
diameter of the identified hard coral and soft coral colonies;
§
Maximum
height and width of the identified gorgonians and black corals;
§
Percentage
of sediment cover on the identified colonies and the colouration, texture and
approximate thickness of sediment on the coral colonies and adjacent substrate;
§
Percentage
of bleached area on the identified colonies of which two categories were
recorded: a. blanched (ie pale) and b. bleached (ie whitened);
§
Percentage
of colony area showing partiality mortality; and
§
Physical
damage to colonies, tissue distension, mucous production and any other factors indicating
to corals were noted in the field.
Although coral tagging is a common
practice for repeated monitoring of individual colony, this technique was not
employed in this monitoring programme due to difficulties in re-locating the
exact transect placement and the tagged corals given the generally low
visibility in the area and low light conditions in deep water. Instead, colonies of similar growth
forms and size were selected.
This section
presents findings of the Post Project Coral Monitoring Survey. Marine
works for the cable repair works were completed on Thursday 6 February
2014 and final confirmation after testing of the cable was given on Tuesday 4
March 2014.
Based on experience from
the Updated Baseline survey (2013) and previous surveys, coral monitoring is
very weather sensitive for this Project, only being possible across all of Zones A to C when the wind is under
force 2-3. After marine works
completed, the weather forecast was therefore checked and predictions indicated
18 February as the best date to conduct coral surveys, with the weather
looking to deteriorate subjequently. To ensure post-project coral monitoring
was carried out within three weeks of the marine works completing, the survey
was undertaken as soon after marine works completion as the weather would allow.
The Post
Project Coral Monitoring Survey was therefore attempted in Zones A, B and C on 18
February 2014, being the most suitable date for the dive survey as explained
above. Weather conditions were mainly
cloudy and foggy, with moderate (Force 3) southeast winds. Mild to moderate swell, surface chop and
moderate below-surface surge were experienced. Underwater visibility was relatively
high (~7 to 8 m) along the northeast face of Cape Collinson
in Zone A and at the southern side of Tung Lung Chau in Zone C. According to the previous survey
experience at Tai Long Pai in Zone B during 2013
Baseline Update Survey and 2013 Post-Project Coral Monitoring Survey, coral
monitoring at Zone B could only be carried out when the wind force is below
2-3. Moreover, since the
above-surface visibility was extremely poor (< 600 m) and strong current was
initially experienced at Tai Long Pai in Zone B, this
area was considered too dangerous to continue the survey and was abandoned due
to concerns for diver safety. Weather
conditions were monitored closely for another two weeks after 18 February to
find another window to attempt to carry out monitoring survey at Tai Long Pai in Zone B, however,
continuous strong northeasterly or easterly wind (Force 5 to 6) were recorded making
it unsuitable for any dive survey at Tai Long Pai in
Zone B.
It should also
be noted that Tai Long Pai in Zone B is located at
least 5 km from the cable repair works area and being so far away, would not be
expected to be affected by the Project works.
A detailed
description and discussion of the monitoring results from Zone A and Zone C,
collected on 18 February 2014, are presented below.
Seabed
composition along the monitored transects within Zone A and Zone C are
presented in Table 3.1. Each taxon in the inventory was
ranked in terms of relative abundance in the community and results recorded
during the Post Project Coral Monitoring and Updated Baseline Surveys are shown
in Table 3.2 and 3.3, respectively.
Findings of the REA surveys are discussed below.
Zone A – Cape Collinson
During the
Post Project Coral Monitoring Survey conducted on 18 February 2014, the degree
of exposure within Zone A, along the northeast face of Cape Collinson
was (3) – semi-exposed, while the south side was (4) – exposed, thus creating
moderate surge conditions nearshore. Sediment deposition on the substrate
(referring to hard substrates only) was rated as (1) – minor, with only a thin
layer of sediment.
The seabed along
the transects sampled in Zone A was mainly composed of
bedrocks, large and small boulders in the shallow depth region (2-5 m CD), with
some patches of sand (Table 3.1). The deep depth region of Zone A (A-D1) (beyond
5 m CD) was mainly composed of sand and small boulders. At transects A-D2 and A-D3, it was mainly composed of bedrocks, large and small
boulders. Some hard and octocoral colonies were present but accounted for less than
5% cover in shallow depth zone, whereas less than 5% hard coral cover and 6 to
10% octocoral cover were recorded in deep depth zone. Moderate cover by crustose
coralline algae was also observed at both depth zones. Tier I results for Zone A are presented in Table
3.1.
The estimated percentage
covers of the major benthic attributes were similar between the 2013 Baseline
Update Survey, 2013 Post-Project Coral Monitoring Survey and 2012 Baseline
Survey, which recorded less than 5% hard coral cover in both
depth zones, less than 5% octocoral cover in
shallow depth zone and 6 to 10% octocoral cover in
deep depth zone of Zone A.
Zone C – Tung
Lung Chau
During the
Post Project Coral Monitoring Survey conducted on 18 February 2014, the degree
of exposure within Zone C, along the southern face of Tung Lung Chau was (3) –
semi-exposed, however due to the southeasterly wind on the survey day, moderate
surge was experienced at the monitoring site. Sediment deposition on the substrate
(referring to hard substrates only) was rated as minor (1), with only a thin
layer of sediment.
The seabed of
both shallow and deep depth zones sampled in Zone C was mainly composed of
bedrocks. Hard coral colonies were
present, accounting for less than 5% in both depth zones. Octocoral
cover in shallow and deep depth zones were less than 5% and 6 to 10%,
respectively. Moderate cover by crustose coralline algae was also observed. Tier I results of Zone C are presented
in Table 3.1.
The estimated
percentage covers of the major benthic attributes were similar between the 2013
Post-Project Coral Monitoring Survey and 2012 Baseline Survey, which recorded
less than 5% hard coral cover, less than 5% octocoral
cover in shallow depth zone and 6 to 10% octocoral
cover in deep depth zone of Zone C.
Table
3.1 Seabed
Attributes along the Semi-Quantitative Survey Transects during the Post-Project
Coral Monitoring on 18 February 2014
|
Zone |
A (Cape Collinson) |
C (Tung Lung Chau) |
||||||||||
|
Depth (a) |
S1 |
S2 |
S3 |
D1 |
D2 |
D3 |
S1 |
S2 |
S3 |
D1 |
D2 |
D3 |
|
Seabed attributes (b) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bedrock |
0 |
5 |
4 |
1 |
5 |
5 |
6 |
4 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
4 |
|
Boulders – large |
3 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
0 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
Boulders – small |
3 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
3 |
|
Rock |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
Rubble |
3 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
|
Sand |
2 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
Silt |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Ecological
attributes (b) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hard coral |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
Dead standing
coral |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Octocoral |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
Black coral |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Turf algae |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Macroalgae |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Coralline algae |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
Notes: (a) s =
shallow water; m = mid water; d=deep water
(b) 0=
none recorded, 1=<5% Cover, 2= 6-10% Cover, 3 = 11-30% Cover, 4 = 31-50%
Cover, 5 = 51-75% Cover, 6 = 76-100% Cover.
Tier II Results
Zone A – Cape Collinson
Hard coral coverage
along the REA transects was less than 5% in both shallow and deep depth zones,
while less than 5% and 6 to 10% octocoral cover was
recorded along the REA transects in shallow and deep depth zones,
respectively. The hard coral
coverage recorded during this February 2014 Post-Project Coral Monitoring
Survey is similar to that observed during the 2013 Baseline Update Survey, 2013
Post-Project Coral Monitoring Survey and 2012 Baseline Survey. Twelve hermatypic
hard coral species (Cyphastrea serailia, Favia favus, Favia
rotumana, Goniopora planulata, Favites pentagona, Goniopora stutchburyi, Oulastrea crispata, Plesiastrea versipora, Porites lutea, Psammocora profundacella, Psammocora superficialis and
Turbinaria peltata),
one ahermatypic hard coral species (Tubastrea sp.)
and twelve octocoral species (Anthogorgia sp., Dendronephthya
sp., Dichotella
sp., Echinogorgia sp., Echinomuricea sp., Ellisella sp., Euplexaura sp., Menella sp., Paraplexaura sp., Scleronephthya
sp., Sinularia
sp. and Viminella
sp.) were recorded in this February 2014 Post-Project Coral Monitoring Survey,
compared with the five hermatypic hard coral and
twelve octocoral species recorded in the 2013
Post-Project Monitoring. The higher
number of hermatypic hard coral species recorded
might be due to the higher underwater visibility (~ 7 to 8m) during the current
dive survey compared to the lower water clarity (~3 to 5m) during the previous
2013 Post-Project Monitoring, meaning that they were more readily identified in
this current survey. Moreover, the
placement of transects is not exact in every monitoring event since the
conditions at the sites do not allow for permanent transects or any coral
colony markers to be placed, so transects may not cover the exact space or the
same coral colonies in each survey.
Goniopora stutchburyi and Psammocora superficialis were the dominant hard coral species
recorded, while Dendronephthya
sp., Echinomuricea
sp. and Paraplexaura
sp. and Euplexaura
sp. were the dominant octocoral species found. Results of the Tier II Survey conducted
during this February 2014 Post-Project Coral Monitoring for Zone A are presented in Table
3.2.
Zone C – Tung
Lung Chau
Both hard
coral and octocoral coverage were less than 5% along
the REA transects in shallow depth zone (2-5 m CD), whereas in the deep depth
zone (beyond 5m CD), hard coral coverage was less than 5% and the octocoral coverage was between 6 to 10% along the REA
transects surveyed. These results
are similar to that observed during the 2013 Post-Project Coral Monitoring
Survey and 2012 Baseline Survey.
Eleven hermatypic hard coral species (Cyphastrea chalcidium, Cyphastrea serailia, Favites chinensis, Favia favus, Goniopora stutchburyi, Montipora peltiformis, Montipora venosa, Oulastrea crispata, Plesiastrea versipora, Porites lutea and Psammocora superficialis), one ahermatypic
hard coral (Tubastrea
sp.), twelve octocoral species (Acanthogorgia sp., Dendronephthya
sp., Dichotella
sp., Echinogorgia sp., Echinomuricea sp., Euplexaura sp., Leptogorgia sp., Menella sp., Paraminabea sp., Paraplexaura sp.,
Scleronephthya
sp., and Verrucella
sp.) and two black coral species (Antipathes sp. and Cirrhipathes sp.) were recorded during this February 2014 Post-Project
Coral Monitoring Survey, compared with the nine hermatypic
hard coral species, nine octocoral species and two
black coral species recorded in the 2013 Post-Project Coral Monitoring Survey. The higher number of hermatypic
hard coral and octocoral species recorded in this
dive survey might be due to the higher underwater visibility (~ 7 to 8m) during
the current dive survey compared to the lower water clarity (~3 to 5m) during
the previous 2013 Post-Project Monitoring, meaning that they were more readily
identified in this current survey.
Moreover, the placement of transects is not exact in every monitoring
event since the conditions at the sites do not allow for permanent transects or
any coral colony markers to be placed, so transects may not cover the exact
space or the same coral colonies in each survey.
Montipora venosa, Psammocora superficialis and Porites lutea were the dominant hard coral species recorded,
while Dendronephthya
sp. was the dominant octocoral species found (Table 3.2). Results of the Tier II Survey during this
February 2014 Post-Project Coral Monitoring for Zone C are presented in Table 3.2.
Table 3.2 Results
of REA Tier II Survey, Post-Project Coral Monitoring conducted on 18 February
2014
|
|
Zone A (Cape Collinson) |
Zone C (Tung Lung Chau) |
||||||||||
|
Taxon |
S1 |
S2 |
S3 |
D1 |
D2 |
D3 |
S1 |
S2 |
S3 |
D1 |
D2 |
D3 |
|
Scleractinian (hard) Corals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cyphastrea chalcidium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
1 |
|
Cyphastrea serailia |
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
Favites chinensis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
Favia favus |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
Favia rotumana |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Favites pentagona |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goniopora planulata |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goniopora stutchburyi |
3 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
1 |
2 |
2 |
|
2 |
1 |
|
Montipora peltiformis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
Montipora venosa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
3 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
Oulastrea crispata |
3 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
2 |
2 |
|
Plesiastrea versipora |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
3 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
Porites lutea |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
3 |
1 |
2 |
|
|
2 |
|
Psammocora profundacella |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Psammocora superficialis |
3 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
2 |
1 |
|
Tubastrea/ Dendrophyllia sp. |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
3 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
Turbinaria peltata |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcyonacean (soft) Coral |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acanthogorgia sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
Anthogorgia sp |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dendronephthya sp. |
3 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
|
3 |
3 |
2 |
|
Dichotella sp. |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Echinogorgia sp. |
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
Echinomuricea sp. |
2 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
3 |
3 |
|
|
2 |
|
2 |
|
|
Ellisella sp. |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Euplexaura sp. |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
1 |
1 |
|
Leptogorgia sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Menella sp. |
|
2 |
|
2 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
Paraminabea sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
Paraplexaura sp. |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
Scleronephthya sp. |
|
|
1 |
|
|
3 |
2 |
|
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
Sinularia sp. |
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Viminella sp. |
1 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Verrucella sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Antipatharian (Black) coral |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Antipathes sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
Cirrhipathes sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
Other Fauna |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anemones |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Anthocidaris crassipina |
3 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
Barnacles |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
Bryozoans |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
Colochirus quadrangularis |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
Cowrie |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
|
Crinoids |
3 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Diadema sp. |
3 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
Holothuria leucospilata |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Perna viridis |
2 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Saccostrea cucullata |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Sponges |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
|
Tunicates |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
Zoanthids |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
Note: *Abundance
rating (refer to Table 2.3): 0 =
absent; 1 = rare; 2 = uncommon; 3 = common; 4 = abundant; 5 = dominant.
The classification of “rare” abundance refers to low abundance (small quantity)
on the transect, rather than in terms of distribution
in Hong Kong waters.
Due to the low water clarity and the strong surge
experienced during the attempts for the Baseline Update Survey on 7 November 2013,
only 75 m of the Zone A-S2 transect was surveyed. Results of REA Tier II Survey conducted
during the 2013 Baseline Update Survey, the 2013 Post-Project Coral Monitoring
Survey and the 2012 Baseline Survey are presented in Tables 3.3, 3.4 and 3.5, respectively.
Table 3.3 Results
of REA Tier II Survey, Baseline Update (November 7, 2013)
|
Taxon |
Ordinal Rank* |
Abundance |
|
Scleractinian (hard) Corals |
|
|
|
Cyphastrea serailia |
1 |
Rare |
|
Favia sp. |
1 |
Rare |
|
Goniopora stutchburyi |
2 |
Uncommon |
|
Oulastrea crispata |
1 |
Rare |
|
Plesiastrea versipora |
1 |
Rare |
|
Porites lutea |
2 |
Uncommon |
|
Alcyonacean (soft) Coral |
|
|
|
Dendronepthya sp. |
2 |
Uncommon |
|
Euplexaura sp. |
2 |
Uncommon |
|
Paraplexaura sp. |
2 |
Uncommon |
|
Other Fauna |
|
|
|
Anemones |
1 |
Rare |
|
Anthocidaris crassipina |
5 |
Dominant |
|
Barnacles |
4 |
Abundant |
|
Bryozoans |
2 |
Uncommon |
|
Colochirus quadrangularis |
1 |
Rare |
|
Holothuria leucospilata |
1 |
Rare |
|
Perna viridis |
2 |
Uncommon |
|
Saccostrea cucullata |
4 |
Abundant |
|
Tunicates |
1 |
Rare |
Notes:
*Abundance
rating (refer to Table 2.3): 0 =
absent; 1 = rare; 2 = uncommon; 3 = common;
4 = abundant; 5 = dominant.
The
classification of “rare” abundance refers to low abundance (small quantity) on
the transect,
rather than in terms of distribution in Hong Kong waters.
Table 3.4 Results of REA Tier II
Survey during the 2013 Post Project Coral Monitoring (February 2013)
|
Species |
Zone A (Cape Collinson) |
Zone B (Tai Long Pai) |
Zone C (Tung Lung Chau) |
|||||||||||||
|
Depth |
S1 |
S2 |
S3 |
D1 |
D2 |
D3 |
S1 |
S2 |
D1 |
D2 |
S1 |
S2 |
S3 |
D1 |
D2 |
D3 |
|
Scleractinian (hard) Coral |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cyphastrea chalcidicum |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
1 |
|
Favites chinensis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
Goniopora stutchburyi |
2 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
2 |
1 |
|
Montipora mollis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Montipora peltiformis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
Montipora venosa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
3 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
Oulastrea crispata |
3 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Psammocora superficialis
|
1 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
2 |
|
Plesiastrea versipora |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
Porites lobata |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
1 |
2 |
|
2 |
|
|
Tubastrea/ Dendrophyllia
sp. |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
3 |
3 |
|
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
Alcyonacean (soft) Coral |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acanthogorgia sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
Anthogorgia sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dendronephthya sp. |
|
2 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
3 |
|
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
|
3 |
3 |
2 |
|
Dichotella sp. |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Echinogorgia sp. |
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
Echinomuricea sp. |
2 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
3 |
3 |
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
2 |
|
2 |
|
|
Ellisella sp. |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Euplexaura sp. |
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
2 |
1 |
1 |
|
Menella sp. |
|
2 |
|
2 |
|
|
2 |
|
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
Paraminabea sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
Paraplexaura sp. |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
Scleronephythya sp. |
|
|
1 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
Sinularia sp. |
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Verrucella sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Viminella sp. |
1 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Antipatharian (black) Coral |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Antipathes sp. |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
Cirrhipathes sp. |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Notes:
* Abundance
rating (refer to Table 2.3): 0 =
absent; 1 = rare; 2 = uncommon; 3 = common; 4 = abundant; 5 = dominant.
The classification of “rare” abundance refers to low
abundance (small quantity) on the transect, rather than in terms of distribution
in Hong Kong waters
Table 3.5 Results of REA Tier II
Survey during the 2012 Baseline Survey (September 2012)
|
Species |
A |
A |
A |
A |
A |
A |
B |
B |
B |
B |
C |
C |
C |
C |
C |
C |
|
Depth (a) |
S1 |
S2 |
S3 |
D1 |
D2 |
D3 |
S1 |
S2 |
D1 |
D2 |
S1 |
S2 |
S3 |
D1 |
D2 |
D3 |
|
Scleractinia (Hard) Coral |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cyphastrea chalcidicum |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
1 |
|
Favites chinensis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
Goniopora stutchburyi |
2 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
2 |
1 |
|
Montipora peltiformis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
Montipora mollis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Psammocora superficialis |
1 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
2 |
|
Oulastrea crispata |
3 |
1 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tubastrea/ Dendrophyllia sp. |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
3 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Plesiastrea versipora |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
Porites lobata |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
1 |
2 |
|
2 |
|
|
Alcyonacean (Soft) Coral |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acanthogorgia sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
Anthogorgia sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Astrogorgia sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dendronephthya sp. |
|
2 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
|
|
3 |
3 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
2 |
|
Echinogorgia sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Echinomuricea sp. |
2 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
|
|
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ellisella sp. |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Euplexaura sp. |
|
2 |
2 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
2 |
1 |
1 |
|
Menella sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
Muricella sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Paraplexaura sp. |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
Scleronephythya sp. |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
Sinularia sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Antipatharian (Black Coral) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Antipathes sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cirrhipathes sp. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
* Abundance
rating (refer to Table 2.3): 0 =
absent; 1 = rare; 2 = uncommon; 3 = common; 4 = abundant; 5 = dominant.
The classification of “rare” abundance refers to low
abundance (small quantity) on the transect, rather than in terms of distribution
in Hong Kong water
Coral Colony
Monitoring was also undertaken along the REA transect. Coral colonies with similar growth forms
(horizontal plate-like and sub-massive corals which present on large stable surfaces
for the interception and retention of settling solids) and size (< 60cm in
diameter) to those monitored during the 2012 Baseline Survey, the 2013 Post-Project
Coral Monitoring Survey and the 2013 Baseline Update Survey were selected and
measured during the February 2014 Post-Project Coral Monitoring Survey. Data
collected for each hard and soft coral colony during this
Post-Project Coral Monitoring Survey are summarized in Tables 3.6 and 3.7.
Photographic records of fauna recorded during this survey
are provided in Annex A1 & A2 and
of the assessed coral colonies are provided in Annex A3 & A4. Data including photographic records from
the previous surveys (i.e. the 2013 Baseline Update Survey, the 2013 Post-Project
Coral Monitoring Survey and the 2012 Baseline Survey) are shown in Annexes B, C and D,
respectively.
The average
maximum diameter for hard coral colonies assessed at Zone A during the February
2014 Post-Project Coral Monitoring Survey was 22.2±14.7 cm, compared with
an average of 15.9±8.3 cm for the 2013 Baseline Update Survey, 11.3±6.1 cm
for the 2013 Post-Project Monitoring Survey and 12.9±11.8 cm for the 2012 Baseline
Survey (Tables 3.6 and 3.12). Average octocoral
height recorded during the February 2014 Post-Project Coral Monitoring Survey
was 35±10.8 cm, compared to 23.9±22.6 cm for the 2013 Baseline Update
Survey, 18.1±8.8 cm for the 2013 Post-Project Coral Monitoring Survey and 16.4±6.4 cm
for the 2012 Baseline Survey.
The majority
of hard coral colonies assessed were recorded as having one percent sediment
coverage of less than 1 mm thickness. This is comparable to sediment coverage during
the 2013 Baseline Update Survey, the 2013 Post-Project Coral Monitoring and the
2012 Baseline Survey, which ranged between 1 and 5 percent (Tables 3.6 to 3.12). Octocorals were generally free of sediments.
Selected coral
colonies in the survey area did not exhibit any sign of bleaching, partial
mortality or any physical damage during any of the surveys.
Table
3.6 Monitoring
Data for Selected Coral Colonies in Zone A (Cape Collinson)
during the Post Project Coral Monitoring Survey (February 2014)
|
Coral No. |
Family |
Genus |
Species |
Max. diameter (cm) |
Max. height (cm) |
Max. width (cm) |
Sediment cover (%) |
Sediment color |
Sediment Texture |
Sediment thickness (cm) |
Bleached area (%) |
Partial mortality |
Physical damage |
|
Hard Corals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
11 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
20 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Siderastreidae |
Psammocora |
profundacella |
40 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Siderastreidae |
Psammocora |
superficialis |
13 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
30 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Dendrophyllidae |
Turbinaria |
peltata |
8 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Poritidae |
Porites |
lutea |
16 |
N/A |
N/A |
<1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
8 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
planulata |
54 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
9 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
planulata |
46 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
10 |
Faviidae |
Oulastrea |
crispata |
4 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
11 |
Faviidae |
Plesiastrea |
versipora |
16 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
12 |
Faviidae |
Favia |
rotumana |
28 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
13 |
Faviidae |
Favia |
favus |
9 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
14 |
Faviidae |
Cyphastrea |
serailia |
23 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
15 |
Faviidae |
Favites |
pentogona |
15 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Octocorals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
38 |
15 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
55 |
22 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Plexauridae |
Echinogorgia |
|
N/A |
45 |
20 |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
29 |
23 |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
45 |
13 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
25 |
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Plexauridae |
Euplexaura |
|
N/A |
43 |
20 |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
8 |
Plexauridae |
Echinogorgia |
|
N/A |
38 |
25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
9 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
30 |
13 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
10 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
40 |
4 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
11 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
42 |
25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
12 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
35 |
31 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
13 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
N/A |
25 |
17 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
14 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
N/A |
19 |
17 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
15 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
N/A |
16 |
15 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Table
3.7 Monitoring
Data for Selected Coral Colonies in Zone C (Tung Lung Chau) during the Post
Project Coral Monitoring Survey (February 2014)
|
Coral No. |
Family |
Genus |
Species |
Max. diameter (cm) |
Max. height (cm) |
Max. width (cm) |
Sediment cover (%) |
Sediment color |
Sediment Texture |
Sediment thickness (cm) |
Bleached area (%) |
Partial mortality |
Physical damage |
|
Hard Corals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Acroporidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
11 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Acroporidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
6.5 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Acroporidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
5 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Siderastreidae |
Psammocora |
superficialis |
26 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Siderastreidae |
Psammocora |
superficialis |
22 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Siderastreidae |
Psammocora |
superficialis |
42 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Siderastreidae |
Psammocora |
superficialis |
52 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
8 |
Poritidae |
Porites |
lutea |
60 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
9 |
Poritidae |
Porites |
lutea |
24 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
10 |
Poritidae |
Porites |
lutea |
64 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
11 |
Poritidae |
Porites |
lutea |
22 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
12 |
Faviidae |
Cyphastrea |
serailia |
14 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
13 |
Faviidae |
Favia |
favus |
16 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
14 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
28 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
15 |
Faviidae |
Cyphastrea |
serailia |
16 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Octocorals/ Antipatharidae |
|||||||||||||
|
1 |
Antipatharidae |
Cirrhipathes |
|
130 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Plexauridae |
Menella |
|
16 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
N/A |
5 |
5 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
N/A |
5 |
6 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Ellisellidae |
Dichotella |
|
N/A |
5 |
9 |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Plexauridae |
Menella |
|
6 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Gorgoniidae |
Leptogorgia |
|
N/A |
17 |
7 |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
8 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
23 |
9 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
9 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
N/A |
14 |
24 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
10 |
Gorgoniidae |
Leptogorgia |
|
N/A |
16 |
32 |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
11 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
N/A |
6 |
7 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
12 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
N/A |
15 |
20 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
13 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
N/A |
8 |
10 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
14 |
Ellisellidae |
Verrucella |
|
N/A |
14 |
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
15 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
N/A |
20 |
30 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Table
3.8 Monitoring
Data for Selected Coral Colonies in Zone A (Cape Collinson)
during the 2013 Baseline Update Survey (November 7, 2013)
|
Coral No. |
Family |
Genus |
Species |
Max. diameter (cm) |
Max. height (cm) |
Max. width (cm) |
Sediment cover (%) |
Sediment color |
Sediment Texture |
Sediment thickness (cm) |
Bleached area (%) |
Partial mortality |
Physical damage |
|
Hard Corals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Poritidae |
Porites |
lutea |
22 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Poritidae |
Porites |
lutea |
18 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Poritidae |
Porites |
lutea |
30 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
15 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
19 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
6 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
16 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
8 |
Faviidae |
Oulastrea |
crispata |
3 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
9 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
17 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
10 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
10 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
11 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
15 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
12 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
9 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
13 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
18 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
14 |
Faviidae |
Cyphastrea |
serailia |
33 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
15 |
Faviidae |
Cyphastrea |
serailia |
8 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Octocorals/ Antipatharidae |
|||||||||||||
|
1 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
N/A |
6 |
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Plexauridae |
Euplexaura |
|
N/A |
38 |
10 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
N/A |
9 |
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
N/A |
6 |
8 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
N/A |
9 |
11 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
65 |
80 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
34 |
24 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Table
3.9 Monitoring
Data for Selected Coral Colonies in Zone A (Cape Collinson)
during the 2013 Post-Project Monitoring Survey (February 2013)
|
Coral No. |
Family |
Genus |
Species |
Max. diameter (cm) |
Max. height (cm) |
Max. width (cm) |
Sediment cover (%) |
Sediment color |
Sediment Texture |
Sediment thickness (cm) |
Bleached area (%) |
Partial mortality |
Physical damage |
|
Hard Corals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
23 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
14 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
14 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
11 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
6 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
7 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
8 |
Siderastreidae |
Psammocora |
superficialis |
16 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
9 |
Poritidae |
Gonipora |
stutchburyi |
16 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
10 |
Poritidae |
Gonipora |
stutchburyi |
19 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
11 |
Poritidae |
Gonipora |
stutchburyi |
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
12 |
Poritidae |
Gonipora |
stutchburyi |
10 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
13 |
Faviidae |
Oulastrea |
crispata |
4 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
14 |
Faviidae |
Oulastrea |
crispata |
2 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
15 |
Faviidae |
Oulastrea |
crispata |
3 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Octocorals/ Antipatharidae |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
N/A |
17 |
15 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
5 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
9 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
21 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
N/A |
15 |
7 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Acanthogorgiidae |
Anthogorgia |
|
N/A |
23 |
23 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Plexauridae |
Echinogorgia |
|
N/A |
10 |
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
8 |
Plexauridae |
Echinogorgia |
|
N/A |
14 |
16 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
9 |
Ellisellidae |
Viminella |
|
7 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
10 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
28 |
5 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
11 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
30 |
18 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
12 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
N/A |
25 |
8 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
13 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
31 |
27 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
14 |
Plexauridae |
Euplexaura |
|
10 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
15 |
Ellisellidae |
Dichotella |
|
N/A |
26 |
17 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Table
3.10 Monitoring Data for the Selected Coral Colonies in
Zone C (Tung Lung Chau) during the 2013 Post Project Coral Colony Monitoring
(February 2013)
|
Coral No. |
Family |
Genus |
Species |
Max. diameter (cm) |
Max. height (cm) |
Max. width (cm) |
Sediment cover (%) |
Sediment color |
Sediment Texture |
Sediment thickness (cm) |
Bleached area (%) |
Partial mortality |
Physical damage to colonies |
|
Hard Corals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
5 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
6 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
3 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
9 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
8 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
6 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
14 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
8 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
8 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
9 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
8 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
10 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
8 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
11 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
14 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
12 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
9 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
13 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
40 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
14 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
24 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
15 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
6 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Octocorals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
N/A |
6.5 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Alcyoniidae |
Paraminabea |
|
N/A |
7 |
15 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Plexauridae |
Echinogorgia |
|
N/A |
16 |
9 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
N/A |
1.5 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
3 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Nephtheidae |
Scleronephthya |
gracillicum |
8 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Nephtheidae |
Scleronephthya |
gracillicum |
5 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
8 |
Nephtheidae |
Scleronephthya |
gracillicum |
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
9 |
Nephtheidae |
Scleronephthya |
gracillicum |
5 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
10 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
6 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
11 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
15.5 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
12 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
N/A |
2 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
13 |
Antipathidae |
Cirrhipathes |
|
135 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
14 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
5 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
15 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
9.5 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Table
3.11 Monitoring
Data for Selected Coral Colonies in Zone A (Cape Collinson) during the 2012 Baseline Survey
|
Coral No. |
Family |
Genus |
Species |
Max. diameter (cm) |
Max. height (cm) |
Max. width (cm) |
Sediment cover (%) |
Sediment color |
Sediment Texture |
Sediment thickness (cm) |
Bleached area (%) |
Partial mortality |
Physical damage |
|
Hard Corals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
15 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Faviidae |
Oulastrea |
crispata |
2 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Faviidae |
Oulastrea |
crispata |
2 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Faviidae |
Oulastrea |
crispata |
1 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Faviidae |
Oulastrea |
crispata |
1 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
14 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Faviidae |
Oulastrea |
crispata |
2 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
8 |
Faviidae |
Oulastrea |
crispata |
4 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
9 |
Siderastreidae |
Psammocora |
superficialis |
15 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
10 |
Faviidae |
Plesiastrea |
versipora |
15 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
11 |
Faviidae |
Favia |
rotumana |
33 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
12 |
Acroporidae |
Montipora |
mollis |
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
13 |
Dendrophyllidae |
Turbinaria |
peltata |
19 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
14 |
Dendrophyllidae |
Turbinaria |
peltata |
18 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
15 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
40 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Octocorals/ Antipatharidae |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Plexauridae |
Paraplexaura |
|
N/A |
10 |
15 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
N/A |
26 |
22 |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
N/A |
26 |
25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
N/A |
25 |
13 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Ellisellidae |
Viminella |
|
N/A |
23 |
0.5 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Ellisellidae |
Ellisella |
|
N/A |
16 |
7 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
8 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
14 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
9 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendronephthya |
|
7 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
10 |
Ellisellidae |
Ellisella |
|
N/A |
11 |
3 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
11 |
Plexauridae |
Echinomuricea |
|
N/A |
13 |
4 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
12 |
Nephtheidae |
Scleronephthya |
gracillicum |
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
13 |
Acanthogorgiidae |
Muricella |
|
N/A |
20 |
11 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
14 |
Alcyoniidae |
Sinularia |
|
14 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
15 |
Antipathidae |
Antipathes |
curvata |
N/A |
110 |
50 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Table 3.12 Monitoring Data Recorded for the Selected Coral Colonies in Zone C (Tung Lung
Chau) during the 2012 Baseline Survey
|
Coral No. |
Family |
Genus |
Species |
Max. diameter (cm) |
Max. height (cm) |
Max. width (cm) |
Sediment cover (%) |
Sediment color |
Sediment Texture |
Sediment thickness (cm) |
Bleached area (%) |
Partial mortality |
Physical damage to colonies |
|
Hard Corals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Siderastreidae |
Psammocora |
superficialis |
16 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Siderastreidae |
Psammocora |
superficialis |
21 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
9 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
18 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
22 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
mollis |
10 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Faviidae |
Plesiastrea |
versipora |
24 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
8 |
Faviidae |
Plesiastrea |
versipora |
4 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
9 |
Siderastreidae |
Psammocora |
superficialis |
11.5 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
10 |
Siderastreidae |
Montipora |
venosa |
9 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
11 |
Faviidae |
Plesiastrea |
versipora |
18 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
12 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
13 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
13 |
Faviidae |
Plesiastrea |
versipora |
6 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
14 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
11 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
15 |
Poritidae |
Goniopora |
stutchburyi |
40 |
N/A |
N/A |
5 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Octocorals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Plexauridae |
Euplexaura |
|
40 |
11 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
2 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendrophthya |
|
4 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendrophthya |
|
8 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
4 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendrophthya |
|
3.5 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
5 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendrophthya |
|
3 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
6 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendrophthya |
|
5 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
7 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendrophthya |
|
3 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
8 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendrophthya |
|
7 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
9 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendrophthya |
|
5 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
10 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendrophthya |
|
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
11 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendrophthya |
|
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
1 |
Light yellow |
Fine |
<1mm |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
12 |
Nephtheidae |
Dendrophthya |
|
8 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
13 |
Acanthogorgiidae |
Acanthogorgia |
|
N/A |
9 |
6 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
14 |
Nephtheidae |
Scleronephthya |
gracillicum |
15 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
15 |
Nephtheidae |
Scleronephthya |
gracillicum |
12 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
In accordance
with the Updated EM&A Manual, a Post-Project
Coral Monitoring Survey was undertaken on 18 February 2014 within one month of
completion of the marine works for the cable repair works. An REA survey and coral colony monitoring
were conducted at two designated monitoring zones, including one impact monitoring
station at Cape Collinson (Zone A), and one control
station at Tung Lung Chau (Zone C) using the same methodology used during the 2012
Baseline and the 2013 Post-Project Coral Monitoring. Due to adverse weather conditions
experienced at Zone B (Tai Long Pai) during the
monitoring, a survey was not conducted there, as it was deemed hazardous for
divers to collect field data.
The data
collected were comparable to that collected previously, with similar cover and
composition of major abiotic and biotic attributes. In addition, results of coral colony monitoring
indicated the condition of coral colonies assessed during the February 2014 Post-Project
Coral Survey were similar to those assessed during last baseline update monitoring
survey (November 2013). Sediment
cover was low, and selected coral colonies did not exhibit any sign of
bleaching, partial mortality or physical damage.
The results of
the February 2014 Post-Project Coral Monitoring Survey do not indicate any significant
differences from data collected during the 2013 Baseline Update Survey, the 2013
Post-Project Coral Monitoring and the 2012 Baseline Survey.
Overall, there
did not appear to be any unacceptable impacts to corals as a result of the ASE
cable repair works.